Vampires of History and Legend

Vampires stalk our collective imaginations. The stars ofsuffer the same fate.In one story, he is said to have
books, movies, and even role playing games, they areinvited his political enemies to a meeting at his castle.
at once both dangerous and alluring. No HalloweenVlad then locked the doors and burned it to the
celebration would be complete without wax teeth,ground.Another story tells of the visit of an Ottoman
fake blood and a black cape.But were there ever anyambassador. When the ambassador refused to
real Vampires? Probably not, although there are anyremove his turban as a sign of respect, Vlad had it
number of historical figures whose bloodthirstinessnailed to the poor man's head. That surely did not do
may have provided a basis for the legend.Countessanything to improve relations between his Kingdom
Elizabeth Bathory certainly stands as a primeand the Turks.But the cruelty for which Vlad is best
example.Born in Hungary in 1560, Bathory was marriedknown also gave him his nickname: Tepes, which
at age 15 to a warlord who apparently spent much ofmeans "impaler."To serve as a warning to his enemies,
his time away fighting the Turks. Left at home, BathoryVlad would impale his prisoners on long poles, leaving
satisfied her own bloodlust by torturing and killing youngthem to twitch and rot in the sun. It is said that the
girls.Her victims at first were peasants, but as herroads to his kingdom were lined with these poor
sadistic urges grew, Bathory expanded her prey tounfortunates.So much of Vlad's history is mixed with
include the daughters of minor gentry.It was this thatlegend that it is imposible to know how many of these
proved to be her undoing. Missing peasant girls is onestories are true. But contemporary reports seem to
thing, but the gentry were wealthy and educated. Localverify many of them.Accounts vary as to the
priests brought their suspicions to Emperor Matthias II,circumstances of Vlad's death. Tradition holds that he
and an investigation was launched.George Thurzo, thedied in battle with the Turks and that his head was
Palatine of Hungary, led the inquest, and on Decembersent as a gift to the Sultan of Turkey. Another version
29, 1610, caught Bathory in the act. The Countess andclaims that he was killed by the Hungarians. It's also
four suspected accomplices were arrested.Over thepossible that he was killed accidentally by his own
next three years, more than 300 people weretroops.Strange as it may seem, Vlad Tepes is seen as
interviewed and a chilling story emerged. Always aa folk hero to many in that part of the world.Vlad may
harsh mistress, Bathory apparently came to truly enjoyhave been lost to history, except for the research of a
the pain she inflicted on her servants. Her cruelty waswriter named Bram Stoker. Planning a novel on
regrettable, but certainly not unheard of.One day, avampires, Stoker rediscovered Vlad and made him the
servant pulled Bathory's hair while brushing it. Thecentral figure in the novel that bears his name:
Countess raked the girl's cheeks with her long nails,Dracula.In more modern times, several serial killers
spilling blood on her wrinkled hand. Bathory imaginedhave been dubbed "vampires" by the press.Fritz
that the drops of blood smoothed away her wrinkes,Haarmann committed at least 24 murders in Germany
and concluded that the blood of young girls couldbetween 1919 and 1924. He killed his victims by biting
restore the beauty of her youth.That's when the horrortheir necks. During his trial, which became a media
really began. Bathory began to kill young girls to bathecircus, Haarmann was variously called a werewolf and
in, and drink their blood. Evidence at the trial put thea vampire. He was beheaded in 1925.Haarman wasn't
body count at more than 600.Following the trial,the only "vampire" in Germany at that time. Peter
Bathory's accomplices were burned alive. BecauseKurten, a serial killer who was beheaded in 1932, was
she was nobility, Bathory escaped execution, and wasknown as the "Vampire of Dusseldorf." He was
instead walled up in a room in her own castle, wherecharged with nine murders and a variety of other
she died three years later.But horrible as it is, Bathory'soffenses, including sexual assaults.It is said that Fritz
story is usually overshadowed by that of anotherLang's movie "M" was based on the Haarmann and
Eastern European noble.Vlad III was a RomanianKurten stories.In England, John George Haigh, the
nobleman who lived from 1431 to 1476. Held hostageinfamous "Acid Bath Murderer," also was known as
by the Turks as a child, Vlad later came to rule histhe "Vampire of London." Haigh, who was hanged in
father's kingdom, which has variously been identified as1949, claimed to have drunk the blood of his victims
Transylvania and Wallachia. He was also known asbefore destroying their bodies in a vat of sulfuric
the Son of the Dragon (Dracula) in reference to hisacid.Are there real vampires?Again, probably not. But
father's position as a Knight of the Order of thethere are those whose monstrous crimes make us
Dragon.Because his kingdom served as a buffer zonewonder about the terrible creatures of night and
between Moslem Turkey and Christian Europe, Vlad'slegend.More on the haunted history of Halloween can
life was one of constant warfare. Leading frequentbe found at Top Halloween Links at .This article is
raids into Turkish territory, he burned crops, pillaged, andderived from his lectures on the haunted history of
poisoned wells. Legend has it that one of theseHalloween.John Retzer has worked as a professional
excursions resulted in the deaths of 20,000 Turks.Bothjournalist, photographer, editor, public relations
home and abroad, Vlad gained a reputation for crueltyprofessional and golf coach. He currently teaches
and ruthlessness. His father was murdered in a politicaleconomics, political science and history.
intrigue, and Vlad apparently was determined not to