| From the European Heritage Library
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| | powers of tolerance, freedom, complete
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| | social and political secularism, and
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| This is an inside look at the current
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| | social rights are rejected in every sense
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| cultural, ethnic, historical, religious,
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| | of the word in the possible Turkish
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| historical, social, and linguistic
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| | membership and merger with its former
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| dimensions of Turkey. It also analyses
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| | victims of its Jihad. Turkey and the
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| the issue of Islam in Europe as well as
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| | Turks are by no means European -
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| their controversial entry into the EU. Is
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| | culturally, ethnically, politically,
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| Turkey by any means European? Do the
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| | historically, and socially - and thus
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| Turks have any right to merge with Europe
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| | have no right to merge with Europe. This
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| as the US and EU encourage? Click the
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| | reality by no means denigrates the Turks
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| link at the bottom and top of this
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| | nor their proud and glorious Islamic
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| article to view the photos that go with
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| | nation.
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| this article.
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| | The Turkish national founding father,
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| Turkey --
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| | Mustafa Kamal Atatürk (Father of the
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| English name: Turkey
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| | Turks) is virtually mythologized in
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| Population: 71,158,647
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| | Turkish life. Having brought the Turkish
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| Religion: Muslim 99.8% (mostly Sunni),
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| | Ottoman state from complete economic and
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| other 0.2%
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| | political collapse into a powerful and
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| Language: Turkish, with near-illegal
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| | proud new Turkish nation and military
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| Kurdish minority, Armenian
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| | power that conquered its neighbors in
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| Ethnic groups: Turkish 80%, 20% Kurdish,
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| | less than two years (and successfully
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| minute Armenian
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| | assaulted the new Greece to return "lost"
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| Average fertility/woman: 1.89 per woman
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| | land), this culture-creating leader is
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| Migration rate: 0 migrant(s)/1,000
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| | celebrated with a portrait in nearly
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| population [none leave, none enter]
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| | every major building, every office
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| Per capita average income: $9,000
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| | building, every police station and shack,
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| Unemployment: officially 10.2%
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| | in every public monument, and in hundreds
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| Population below poverty line: officially
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| | of homes and ships. He acts today as a
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| 20%
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| | paradigm for all future politics of
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| Extant populations elsewhere of
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| | Turkey, which is why current efforts to
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| Albanians: Germany, Bulgaria, Greece,
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| | Islamicize politically-secular Turkey is
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| France
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| | met with a sizable public outcry. Aside
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| Source: CIA World Factbook
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| | his portraits and statues are dozens of
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| I went to Turkey not only with a great
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| | flags, some stretching 20-feet in length,
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| fascination for Islam, but also to
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| | to celebrate independence Turkish
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| investigate first hand the question: are
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| | nationhood and Islam. Many of his statues
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| Turkey and the Turks by any means
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| | are adorned with Arabic script and quotes
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| European culturally, ethnically,
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| | from al-Qur'an that he today in the West
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| religiously, politically, and
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| | is perceived to have assaulted. Turkey
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| historically, and do they have any right
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| | and Islam are indivisible, though the
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| to merge with Europe as the United States
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| | Turks have been smartly able to avoid the
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| & European Union so staunchly debate and
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| | theocracy of Khomeini or bin Laden. This
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| often encourage today? In Germany and
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| | ulterior political goal must be
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| Europe to which they (rarely illegally)
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| | recognized.
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| emigrate for better labor opportunities
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| | The Turkish and Muslim traditions other
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| and government social monetary benefits,
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| | than in the mosques is subsidized by the
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| they are generally hated and deemed
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| | state to protect it from the "Western
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| completely diametrically polar to
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| | imperialists" who are encroaching on
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| European culture, history, and modern
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| | their Islamic and homogeneous heritage.
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| politics. The nation of Turkey is often
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| | The traditional and world-famous rug
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| deemed a backwards Islamic nation of goat
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| | carpet-producing techniques are paid for
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| herders, an unstable government, and the
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| | by the boards of culture and economics.
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| wickedly poor. Is this image by any means
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| | Here, the exclusive double-knot Turkish
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| true, and if not, does this then imply
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| | carpet-making tradition requires female
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| that they have any right to integrate
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| | members of families to produce carpets
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| with the Europeans whom reject them?
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| | for years and years at a time by hand
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| Turkey is relatively new to tourism due
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| | from the ilk of silk worms for sale
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| largely to a popular stigma of Westerners
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| | around the world. This is but one of the
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| that the Middle East or the Islamic world
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| | cultural measures protected by the
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| are dangerous or volatile. Our cruise
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| | Turkish government today. The Turkmen
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| ship landed in Istanbul and Kusadasi, two
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| | minority (a people related to the Turks
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| distinctly Islamic and Turkish cities
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| | by race, history, and the same Sunni
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| rife with ancient ruins of other cultures
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| | Islam) dominate this field. This is a
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| long dead and expelled but by no means
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| | great source of income for Turkey on the
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| multicultural. The Kurdish Sunni minority
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| | world market for textile production where
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| is responsible for nearly all of Turkey's
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| | Iran (Persia) and India are their biggest
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| terrorism (primarily by the PKK [the
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| | competitors. The traditional Muslim dowry
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| Kurdssh Workers' Party] terrorist group),
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| | (akin to bride-price) is generally paid
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| which is further incited by American
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| | and encouraged to be paid by the man to
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| support for the Kurd minority in northern
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| | the woman upon marriage, though the
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| Iraq and Syria, another reason why Saddam
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| | Muslim near-universality of polygamy is
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| Hussein has been executed for genocide of
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| | illegal in urban Turkey. Most Turkish
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| a very volatile minority. The majority of
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| | women still receive dowry in the form of
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| the Kurds are in the east. They are
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| | money, carpet, or other heirloom to
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| incited historically not only because
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| | cement the Muslim marriage.
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| they are a different race with a
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| | Regarding the cities themselves, Muslim
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| different language than the Turks (the
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| | Turkey has more treasures from ancient
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| Kurds being Persian with a Farsi-derived
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| | empires of the past than can be seen
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| language), but also largely because the
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| | completely in a lifetime. Outside of
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| post-WWI Allied victors promised Kurdish
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| | Kusadasi, an ancient provincial capital
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| statehood in Kurdistan, which the Turkish
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| | of Greek-ruled Anatolia (later to be
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| founding father Atatürk completely
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| | annexed and expanded by the Romans)
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| obliterated in a military expansion after
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| | called Ephesus remains the very greatest
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| the war. Upon learning that the west
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| | and most well-preserved city in the
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| along the coast would be spared the
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| | world. Like Pompeii, a city some 5
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| majority of this ethnosocial calamity, I
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| | centuries before the life of Jesus can be
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| was anxious to experience the very
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| | traversed in near entirety. A world
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| capital nation of the Islamic world whose
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| | monument, the House of the Virgin Mary
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| Jihad caused Europe to quake in its boots
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| | can be visited as a major Christian
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| for nearly 5 centuries, not only as an
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| | (almost exclusively Catholic of course)
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| investigation of history, but as a rare
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| | site of pilgrimage. It is proported to be
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| chance to experience Islam first-hand.
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| | the very house of Mary, the virgin mother
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| They are unique in their own right as a
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| | of Jesus of Nazareth. Inside, very little
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| race, culture, and (in part) history than
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| | can be seen other than walls and a
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| the Arab tribes with whom they are often
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| | commemorative tomb with no corpse
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| affiliated (to the anger of the Turks).
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| | therein. A wall can be seen on the way
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| For a brief historical walkthrough, the
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| | out with endless notes from pilgrims to
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| region of today's Turkey (Anatolia) was
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| | Mary and Heaven. The modern Islamic
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| originally populated by a variety of
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| | Turkey has its own endless treasures.
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| peoples, the majority of whom Iranians
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| | Turkey is very economically upright and
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| and Scythians before and during
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| | apt for Western trade; English is highly
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| Zoroastrianism took root long before
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| | common amongst the youth and adult alike.
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| Judaism's dualist monotheism was founded.
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| | Almost no English or other language is
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| After the heroic conquest of the old
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| | used in the cities though. There is
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| Zoroastrian Iranian state (Persia) by the
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| | almost no trash visible anywhere on the
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| Greek Alexander the Great, Anatolia
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| | street, and almost no graffiti at all.
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| became populated by Greeks. This later
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| | Oddly, there are literally almost no
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| coalesced -- after the Roman conquest --
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| | trash basins anywhere in the cities of
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| into the heart of the Byzantine Orthodox
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| | Turkey. We learned that this is a
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| Empire. But by the 10th century, the many
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| | security measure imposed by the military
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| nations of the Turkish race (at the time
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| | government to stop from fires as well as
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| in central Asia) adopted the Sunni faith
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| | Kurdish terrorism (assumably, bombs in
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| of Islam, and, pressured by the Mongol
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| | trash cans). Soldiers with machine guns
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| tribes and in search of better crop
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| | are everywhere in Turkey, as Turkey's
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| yields, traveled by equine into Anatolia.
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| | government is regulated and controlled by
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| Here, they encountered and conquered the
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| | the huge military to a large extent.
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| infidel Christian Greeks with every mile.
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| | There are hardly any broken or collapsed
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| The battle of Malazirt (Manzikert) in
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| | houses with waste affront. The buildings
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| the 11th century foreshadowed a dark
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| | are all plain and simple. There are no
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| future for the powerful Christian
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| | blatantly poor areas like "ghettos" like
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| Byzantine Empire. The next 3 centuries
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| | in America or some of the larger European
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| marked a reality that the Turkish Muslims
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| | cities. However, there is little safety
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| were superior to the supreme power of the
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| | precaution unlike in the US to resist
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| past. These Seljuks (Salçuk) Turks
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| | lawsuits, and it is very easy to injure
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| established a powerful Seljuk Empire,
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| | oneself. The streets are largely narrow
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| which conquered much of then-Sunni Iran
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| | in the bigger Turkish cities. The drivers
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| and Iraq (Mesopotamia), as well as
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| | are outright maniacs. Many drive at top
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| eastern Anatolia. Annihilated by the
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| | speed in complete traffic without
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| coming Mongol hordes, the Turkish Muslim
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| | stopping, even driving on one-way streets
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| race re-established itself under Asman,
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| | through popular business areas with food
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| establishing the "Ottoman" Empire in
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| | carts to get to their destination more
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| central Anatolia. By the early 15th
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| | quickly. Driving is impossible.
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| century, under the banner of the holy
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| | Everything in the society seems
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| Jihad, the Ottoman Turkish Muslims had
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| | economically uniform and upright.
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| encircled the Byzantines by conquering
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| | However, there is a relatively pungent
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| their Slavic and Greek neighbors: the
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| | and foul smell throughout much of the
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| Greek city-states, the Byzantine land in
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| | Turkish cities, and bathrooms are
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| today's Greece proper, Slavic Bulgaria,
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| | virtually impassable to a European or
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| Romania, Albania, later Bosnia, Serbia,
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| | American. Water and a thick foul smell
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| and nearly all of southern Hungary, where
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| | seem to flow on the ground of every
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| they forced the conversion of millions of
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| | bathroom. The toilets are generally
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| their subjects with death or unlivable
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| | sunken into the floor or are a hole for
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| taxation as a penalty for not submitting
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| | defecation, always with a horrific smell.
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| to Islam. On 29 May, 1453, the Turks
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| | A thick layer of water on the floor by
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| completely stormed the Byzantine capital
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| | the pungent toilets, in theory, imply
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| of Constantinople, which they renamed
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| | that they have recently been cleaned and
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| Istanbul ("Islam aplenty"). By the 19th
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| | washed. There are an endless amount of
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| century, though, they had declined due to
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| | stores on every corner with businessmen
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| bankruptcy and internal rebellion by the
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| | on the streets watching for pedestrian
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| variety of races that they had conquered.
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| | tourists like vultures. Some 50% of these
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| Russia had crippled their fleets in
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| | stores are all for the sale of rugs,
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| nearly a dozen Russo-Turkish Wars. In
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| | totaling hundreds of thousands of carpets
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| World War I, the Ottomans allied with the
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| | each hundreds of dollars in worth. Nearly
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| Germans against Russia. Failing, their
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| | every store has goods ranging from
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| former lands in the Arab world became
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| | t-shirts to traditional veils and
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| ruled by the French and British. In 1923,
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| | headscarves, pewter, metal, jewelry,
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| the sultanate was abolished, and Mustafa
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| | illegal DVDs, etc. Nearly every store
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| Kamal "Atatürk" (Father of the Turks)
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| | offers dozens of huqqah (hookah)
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| banned the Arabic alphabet (hence it is
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| | waterpipes for smoking tobacco (marijuana
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| today written with a German and Latin
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| | and other drugs are illegal). Tobacco and
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| base), declaring a secular republic with
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| | huqqah, which are believed to have both
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| an ultraconservative and centralized
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| | originated as a cultural device in the
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| government. By no means at all was this
| |
| | Ottoman Empire, are a source of pride for
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| out of admiration for freedom, tolerance,
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| | the Turks. Many of their victim nations
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| or multiculturalism, but rather to
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| | of the past or regions to which Turks and
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| alleviate the Turks' post-war economic
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| | Muslims immigrate have popular huqqah
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| collapse by opening economic and
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| | "bars" for smoking, especially in Ukraine
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| political ties with the victorious West.
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| | where the Turkic Crimean Tatars offer it
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| The rebellious Armenian Christian
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| | to the local Slavs. A trait unique to
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| minority that was accused of massacring
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| | Turkey occurs upon passing any business:
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| Turkish soldiers (and did) and civilians
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| | business owners and employees literally
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| was slaughtered by the Turks in the
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| | stock passerbyers for miles to coax them
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| denied Armenian genocide. The statehood
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| | into seeing their wares. Several people
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| claims of Kurdistan, Greater Armenia, and
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| | at once pursue pedestrians for several
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| Western-ruled land was completely
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| | minutes and even later in the day again
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| conquered. The government of Turkey
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| | if another encounter occurs, offering tea
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| became an ultra-right wing military state
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| | and friendship, asking from where the
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| until today. Today, the very people who
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| | visitor comes and his nationality. This
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| rose the banner of Jihad against Europe
| |
| | hospitable ploy is in reality an attempt
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| is seeking to exploit its multicultural
| |
| | to make a sale to the coming wealthier
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| liberal goals to integrate universally
| |
| | tourist from Europe. Businessmen can be
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| with its former mutual enemy.
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| | seen carrying trays of ultra-strong
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| Istanbul is arguably the greatest city in
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| | Turkish tea all over the city to be
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| the world archaeologically, historically,
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| | brought to later shop clients. One can
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| and culturally. Nowhere else but in
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| | barter in any store. Many stores are
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| Muslim Turkey do nationalism and pride in
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| | willing to drop as much as 50% of a
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| culture, heritage, history, their
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| | product's worth to make a sale with only
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| distinct race and language, the Islamic
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| | little effort by the client. Turkmen and
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| faith, and tradition coalesce so strongly
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| | Azerbaijani (Azeri) businessmen can be
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| into national awareness. Aside from the
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| | seen everywhere in Turkey, as both
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| endless mosques, there are thousands upon
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| | descend from the same race (though the
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| thousands of massive Turkish flags
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| | latter professes Iran's Shi'ia Islam);
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| proudly announcing the Turkish heritage
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| | they integrate well into the society of
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| rooted in the star and crescent of Islam.
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| | their brethren. Kurdish minority
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| Nearly every home has a Turkish flag on
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| | businessmen can also be seen in their
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| display for all to see, often right next
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| | tight-knit yet marginalized society that
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| to government-ordered sets of 20-flag
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| | is directly hampered by the government.
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| standards or 25-foot massive flags in the
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| | Their language is illegal in schools and
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| center of town. From its cultural capital
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| | government, and the Kurds' Iranian-based
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| (not political) of Istanbul, the triumph
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| | language may only air on television by
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| of Turkish and Islamic history, culture,
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| | law on a select few number of channels
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| and heritage over its predecessors of the
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| | for a small number of minutes per week.
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| Romans and Greeks (Byzantines) can be
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| | Armenian Christians and Jews are given
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| studied in the same city. By no means but
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| | just as few rights in this staunchly
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| politically is Turkey a secular or
| |
| | Islamic society. This inequality, along
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| godless state as they accuse America of
| |
| | with Turkey's denial of the genocide of
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| being. The Turks embrace their secular
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| | Armenians (who were assaulting Turks in
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| politics today with great wisdom: by
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| | an independence movement), is a major
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| being politically secular but culturally
| |
| | criticism by the social-liberal US and EU
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| a staunchly Islamic nation, the Turks can
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| | against Turkey. Turkey is incredibly
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| distinguish themselves from the Arabs
| |
| | homogeneously; nearly all the inhabitants
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| they hate and deem so primitive, and
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| | are of the same race (Turks) or their
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| trade amply with Europe and America as
| |
| | descendants (Azeris, Turkmen, Tatars),
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| well as the Islamic world, without
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| | with some unrelated Muslim Baluch, Arab,
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| limiting the importance of Islam in daily
| |
| | and Uzbek minorities (aside from the
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| life to the Turks. Prayer or "Ezan" is
| |
| | marginalized Armenian, Greek, and
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| sounded for miles five times per day to
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| | Georgian Christians).
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| be heard from miles and miles away from
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| | Just walking through the cities of the
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| the hundreds upon hundreds of mosques
| |
| | western coast (especially Istanbul and
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| whose massive minaret spires reach for
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| | Kusadashi), one can encounter Byzantine
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| the heavens:
| |
| | Greek Christian treasures before the
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| In Arabic:
| |
| | Turkish conquest, pre-Christian Greek
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| Allahu Akhbar; Allahu Akhbar.
| |
| | cities preserved in entirety, Roman
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| Ashadu-allah, Ilaha il Allah.
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| | arches, and ancient Iranian tombs. The
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| Ashadu-allah, Ilaha il Allah.
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| | Ayasofya (Hagia Sophia) - considered
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| Ashadu-anna Muhammadan Rasulallah.
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| | among the greatest buildings ever built -
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| Ashadu-anna Muhammadan Rasulallah.
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| | rests in the center of the Islamic
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| Hayyah a Salah. Hayyah a Salah.
| |
| | cultural capital (Istanbul) of the last
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| Hayyah a Falah. Hayyah a Falah.
| |
| | 500 years (after Baghdad before it and
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| Allahu Akhbar. La Ilahai Allah.
| |
| | Damascus before that). With its
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| In English:
| |
| | foundations built before the life of
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| Allah is great; Allah is great.
| |
| | Jesus, and its massive domed walls built
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| I confess that there is no majesty but
| |
| | by the greatest Byzantine empire since
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| Allah. I confess that there is no majesty
| |
| | Constantine the Great himself, Justinian
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| but Allah.
| |
| | (conquerer of the southern German
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| I confess that Muhammad is his messenger.
| |
| | conquerers of the Roman Empire), the
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| I confess that Muhammad is his messenger.
| |
| | Ayasofya was the largest Christian
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| Hurry to prayer. Hurry to prayer. Hurry
| |
| | building in the world until St. Peter's
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| to success. Hurry to success.
| |
| | Basilica was built in the Vatican in the
|
| God is great. There is no majesty but
| |
| | 11th century. It was so magnificent a
|
| Allah.
| |
| | Christian church that it impressed the
|
| Looking in one direction in one portion
| |
| | heathen Slavic king Vladimir the Great,
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| of the massive city of Istanbul, one can
| |
| | king of the Germanic-built Kievan Rus, to
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| see anywhere from 5 to 50 mosques with
| |
| | convert all Slavs of Europe to the
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| two or more minarets each towering above
| |
| | Orthodox faith of the Greeks. In the 15th
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| the city's Muslim inhabitants. There are
| |
| | century, when the Muslim Jihad delivered
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| hardly any Christian churches or
| |
| | the ultimate fate into the heart of the
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| synagogues that are not museums that were
| |
| | Byzantine infidel capital of
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| not burnt by the Ottoman Jihad. Turkey is
| |
| | Constantinople (now Istanbul), the holy
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| reportedly 99.8% Muslim (majority Sunni).
| |
| | Orthodox church was converted into a
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| These mosques are built 500 years ago as
| |
| | mosque. Today, it remains among the
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| they are only recently. The "secular"
| |
| | greatest and most majestic mosques in the
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| government funds the construction of
| |
| | world; a true testament to the victory of
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| mosques as well as pays their imams
| |
| | Islam over Christendom. When the republic
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| (equivalent of priests) and mullahs a
| |
| | was declared, it was converted into a
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| form of government salaries. Many argue
| |
| | museum. Nonetheless the call to prayer is
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| that this is to allow pro-government
| |
| | firmly and proudly emitted from it for
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| (right-wing) imams to prevent radical
| |
| | the entire city to hear. The interior is
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| militant Islam that is commonplace in
| |
| | ancient, tarnished, and fading as
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| Turkey among Turks and Kurds both. There
| |
| | expected from its age. It is rich in
|
| are signs everywhere in the city listing
| |
| | ancient Orthodox Christian mosaics and
|
| the latest times of the call to prayer
| |
| | frescoes of John the Baptist, Jesus, and
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| based upon adjustments to the direction
| |
| | the Saints dating over 1,500 years of
|
| of the sun. When the loud pencefold
| |
| | age. All evidence of Jesus was entirely
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| prayer (five per day) is not being echoed
| |
| | erased or burnt when the Jihad reached
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| with synchronism between the endless
| |
| | the Byzantine capital, with the mosaics
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| mosques in the nation for several minutes
| |
| | of Jesus and the saints covered in a
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| at a time, one can hear Islamic lectures,
| |
| | plaster base. This was later uncovered
|
| chants, and prayers from the mosque's
| |
| | when the building became a museum, and
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| loudspeakers throughout the day,
| |
| | can be seen today with much of it removed
|
| reaffirming the Turks as a Muslim people
| |
| | due to age and peeling. The original
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| who are by no means akin to their Arab,
| |
| | Byzantine design during the Roman period
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| west Iranian, or Uzbek subjects of the
| |
| | and afterward (under Justinian) can be
|
| past. Prayer can be heard even from ships
| |
| | seen, oddly with Hakenkreuze (or the
|
| outside the harbor at all hours of the
| |
| | Indian Swastika) all throughout the
|
| day: as early as 0200 and as late as
| |
| | building and arches in obverse and
|
| 2300. Stars and crescents not on flags
| |
| | reverse both. The building is almost
|
| are visible all throughout the city,
| |
| | entirely in reconstruction with painters
|
| distinguishing the Turks' usage of these
| |
| | carefully repainting the surface.
|
| symbols from being simply their
| |
| | Original massive plaques cover the walls
|
| traditional flag, but rather an
| |
| | of the building with verses from
|
| expression of their heritage and
| |
| | al-Qur'an and the holy 99 names of Allah
|
| submission to Islam. Unlike in some parts
| |
| | all about the massive overhead dome. The
|
| of the Islamic world, like in Uzbekistan
| |
| | original Mihrab (the gate in the center
|
| and Morocco, the nation's Muslims do not
| |
| | of the mosque showing the direction of
|
| generally just bow on the spot and
| |
| | Makkah to which all must pray) and Minbar
|
| initiate prayer. Rather, hundreds of
| |
| | (the steps to heaven from which the imam
|
| people can be seen walking into each
| |
| | or mullah speaks to the taliba) are in
|
| mosque all throughout the day (though
| |
| | perfect golden condition. Only 200 paces
|
| prayer can be performed at home or at
| |
| | from the huge mosque, the walls of
|
| work, and often is instead of going to
| |
| | Constantinople that the Turks struggled
|
| the mosque all day long). Women in veils
| |
| | for years to overrun can be touched. One
|
| or full burqas, men with regular
| |
| | can even see the black marks where the
|
| conservative clothes, men with full
| |
| | Mujahidin's cannons bombarded the
|
| beards and Hamas-esque frightening
| |
| | Christian gates for years and years
|
| turbans and aggressive expressions, and
| |
| | before final victory. Within eye's length
|
| children of all ages can be seen hurrying
| |
| | from the Ayasofya, one can see the
|
| to prayer. Many Turks are militant and
| |
| | greatest mosque in all of Turkey: the
|
| ultra-nationalist in their faith, which
| |
| | Blue Mosque or the Sultan Ahmed mosque.
|
| frightens the secular government and its
| |
| | Built in the 15th century, its blue iznik
|
| military state. Islam is
| |
| | domes is arguably the center of Istanbul,
|
| ultraconservative: men must cover
| |
| | where most of the most famous imams and
|
| shoulders and legs, and women must cover
| |
| | Islamic scholars attend. The interior is
|
| shoulders and their heads with veils or
| |
| | gorgeous, massive, clean, segregated,
|
| headscarves. No infidels (Christians,
| |
| | completely covered in carpets, and
|
| Jews, etc.) are allowed in mosques during
| |
| | decorated in blue flower designs with
|
| prayer. Inside the mosques, though,
| |
| | Arabic inscriptions and plaques with
|
| foreign white tourists can be seen
| |
| | "Allah" written on nearly every wall. The
|
| bypassing this law to the dismay of the
| |
| | main area for prayer is forbidden to
|
| imams who cannot regulate some 400 people
| |
| | infidels during all hours. Sitting in the
|
| in one mosque at a time. Shoes may not be
| |
| | courtyard between the Ayasofya and Blue
|
| worn inside the mosques nor anywhere on
| |
| | Mosque during prayer is a sad reminder of
|
| the steps around it (which is strongly
| |
| | the collapse of faith and tradition in
|
| enforced). Men and women can be seen
| |
| | the US and gradually Europe, and the
|
| performing ablutions (washing the hands,
| |
| | strong resilience of faith in the Islamic
|
| head, and feet to void the soul of sin,
| |
| | world.
|
| dirt, and worldliness) in local blessed
| |
| | The hundreds of other mosques throughout
|
| fountains with Arabic writing around them
| |
| | Turkey and Istanbul are equal treasures,
|
| before entering. Outside of mosques,
| |
| | as are the endless temples and palaces
|
| ablution fountains can be seen everywhere
| |
| | built by the numerous Turkish sultans,
|
| in Turkey by the hundreds to encourage
| |
| | especially at their main palace of
|
| both cleanliness as well as prayer in
| |
| | Topkap1 (Toep-kop-uh) whose halls and
|
| solitude away from mosques. Men and women
| |
| | harems seem to bear no end. Inside the
|
| are strictly segregated inside and
| |
| | sultan's main palace, a fantastic
|
| outside of mosques during religious
| |
| | treasure horde of the personal swords,
|
| rituals and prayer, virtually in separate
| |
| | helms, and standards of the most valiant
|
| rooms. Turkey is nonetheless one of the
| |
| | of Islamic Jihadists and conquerers can
|
| few places in the world whose big tourist
| |
| | be found. The swords of Mehmet II (who
|
| cities allow infidels to enter mosques.
| |
| | obliterated the Byzantine Empire
|
| During prayer, again, no infidels are
| |
| | forever), Sulayman the Magnificent (who
|
| allowed. The "whirling darvishes" (or
| |
| | led the golden age of the Ottomans),
|
| dervishes), Sufi monks who stand and spin
| |
| | Sultan Ahmed (who brought a height of
|
| about to near themselves to Allah, are
| |
| | Islamic architecture), and other Jihadist
|
| celebrated and sold all throughout the
| |
| | Mujahidin can be seen with Arabic script
|
| city in pewter, plastic, and wood, as the
| |
| | and surah quotes from al-Qur'an engraved
|
| Sufis played a large role in the
| |
|