History Of The Apricot Fruit Prunus Armeniaca L. And Flowering Apricot Trees Prunus Mume

Apricots originated on the Russian-Chinese border inproducing trees, but a recent national market for
about 3000 BC and were imported along with peachflowering trees, Prunus mume, has rapidly developed,
seed into Europe through the "Silk Road" thatbecause of the abundant white, pink, or red flowers
extended camelback trading to the Mideast. The fruitthat can appear as early as the winter in some in
grows as an escaped naturalized plant along modernsome areas of the United States. The trees should be
roadsides in Turkey and Armenia today in abundantplanted for growing, 20 to 25 feet apart, further apart
numbers. Apricots were known in ancient Greece inthan peach trees.
60 BC and later introduced into the Roman Empire.A number of flowering apricot trees, Prunus mume,
The apricot trees are believed to have arrived in theare available commercially, the ?Matsubara Red' that
early American colonies in seed form for growing intoblooms in late winter with double dark-red apricot
fruit trees by the French explorers of the 1700's in Gulfflowers; ?Peggy Clarke' early rose red flowering in
regions and in the Eastern United States and atspring; ?Rosemary Clarke,' flowering white in early
California monasteries by Spanish explorers andspring and Weeping Apricot ?W.B. Clarke' pink
missionaries.flowering in January.
The apricot, Prunus armeniaca L., has a distinctiveThe fruit of the apricot is round with a prominent rib on
taste and no other fruit has a flavor to match it. Freshthe side, varying in color from yellow to orange, and a
apricots picked directly from the trees are delicious, if areddish random overlay. The pulp is usually yellow, but
person is fortunate enough to live close to an apricotsome apricot cultivars may be white. A large grafted
tree orchard. Canners of the apricot fruit have suppliedapricot tree may bear a few fruits the first year, but
national markets reliably with tasty tree-ripenedmost trees begin to bear when two years old. Some
apricots. The most important market for apricot fruitorchadists thin out the apricot fruits to every six inches
developed from the exceptional quality, when theto increase the individual fruit size, and harvesting
aromatic apricot is dried.mature apricot trees, begins in May and concludes in
The apricot tree is beautiful in the landscape and canJuly.
grow to a large size and to a great age, as theThe apricot fruit has a short shelf-life in grocery stores
massive root system extends in giant growthof 1 to 2 weeks, and the healthy benefits of apricots
explosions each year, growing further from the trunk.are many-from Vitamin A, Vitamin B1, Vitamin B2,
The apricot tree is very healthy and vigorous andVitamin C, Niacin, to the minerals Phosphorus,
appears to be resistant to most disease and insectPotassium, Calcium, and Iron. The most important
problems, as it produces more and more substantialcultivars of apricots are Blenheim (Royal), Tilton,
crops of fruit each year as the tree matures. ThePerfection, Moorpark, and Early Golden. California
apricot tree can be grown in extensive areas of thegrows 94% of the United States apricots and Turkey
Eastern and Central United States and were wellgrows 21% of the world commercial supply.
northward; however, the cold hardiness of the treeLuther Burbank, the famous botanist and plant
itself is verifiable, but early frosts can damage the fruit.hybridizer wrote in his book Fruit Improvement in 121 a
Eating the pits of apricots has become a controversialchapter that discussed the hybridization of plumcot, a
topic in national health debates and law enforcement.cross between the apricot Prunus armeniaca and the
Various groups have promoted an extract, laetrile, ofPlum Prunus.
almond pits as being a cancer cure; however, aSeveral hybrids resulted from these crosses that
number of people have died from the deadly poison,contained the blending of the general characteristics of
cyanide, including the famous actor Steve McQueen.both fruits. Some hybrids offspring had characteristics
The American Cancer Society states that the curedirected more toward the apricot fruit, and other
won't work, and the selling of these substances hashybrids were inclined toward the plum parent. Several
been declared illegal, and some of the advocates"plumcots" have been made available to the backyard
were arrested and jailed. Other promoters of thesegardener market that demonstrate great cold
products have fled to Mexico to promote the toxinshardiness, juiciness, and a rich, sweet flavor.
there by mailorder and personal appointments.Recent hybrids of apricots have appread, the "aprium"
Apricot trees normally are reduced in height to 12 feetthat is 75% apricot and 25% plum; the "pluot" that is
by pruning, but the trees can grow to 45 feet at75% plum and 25% apricot, and the "plumcot" that is
maturity. The apricot trees are best known as fruit50% of each parent.